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Monoprotonic and polyprotonic acids are sometimes referred to as “monoprotic” and “polyprotic”, by direct transcription of the English terms.
The electric charge of a monoprotonic acid molecule becomes negative by one unit when it gives up its proton. Any acid that contains a single hydrogen atom in its formula is monoprotonic, but there are acids that contain more than one hydrogen atom and are also monoprotonic, as is the case with many organic acids, such as acetic acid (CH 3 COOH ) .
Because only one hydrogen is transferred, in the case of a monoprotonic acid the calculation of pH is straightforward. Here are some examples of monoprotonic acids.
Examples of monoprotonic acids
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and nitric acid (HNO 3 ) are monoprotonic acids, since they have only one hydrogen atom in their molecule. Although it has more than one hydrogen atom, acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) is also a monoprotonic acid, since when it dissociates in aqueous solution it releases a single proton.
Examples of polyprotonic acids
Let’s also see some examples of polyprotonic acids; particularly some diprotonics and triprotonics.
diprotonic acids
- Sulfuric acid: H 2 SO 4
- Carbonic acid: H 2 CO 3
- Oxalic acid: C 2 H 2 O 4
triprotonic acids
- Phosphoric acid: H 3 PO 4
- Citric acid: C 6 H 8 O 7
References
https://www.quimicas.net/2015/05/ejemplos-de-acidos-monoproticos.html
