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The social order presents different characteristics. Some of them are:
- The social contract: in 1762, the French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau published The social contract: or the principles of political law , a work that would define one of the essential concepts of sociology. The social contract refers to the real or hypothetical agreement made by the members of a group to maintain order. An example of this is the contract between the State and the citizens. It starts from the idea that the members of society agree and agree to submit to a series of laws in order to live with each other. These laws grant them certain rights in exchange for giving up the full freedom they would have in their natural state.
- Principle of extensiveness: this suggests that the more norms or rules a society has and the more important they are, the greater the union of its members.
- Collective conscience Durkheim called the set of beliefs, values and knowledge shared by a society. The collective conscience favors the union and solidarity between people to fulfill different roles and functions within society.
- Socialization : it is the process that a person carries out during his life and it is where he learns and incorporates the socio-cultural elements of his environment. In this way he develops his personality and his values, also adapting to the society in which he lives. The primary socialization agents are:
- The family is the most important agent of socialization, since it is there where the interactions that create and incorporate habits, values and social norms take place. It has an essential role in the transmission of social rules and the behavior of each individual.
- The school is responsible for maintaining the social order and structure of society and reducing inequality.
- Religion greatly influences human behavior and customs. In addition, it promotes social cohesion, controls actions and values, provides purpose, provides emotional stability, and influences identity development.
- Institutions : they form the structure of social activity, defining values and norms, carrying out control over the actions of individuals and participating in collective communication.
- Cultural elements : this includes daily tasks, the division of labor, statuses, roles, social relationships, hierarchies, among others.
Other characteristics of the social order
In addition to the characteristics mentioned above, the social order can also be:
- Spontaneous : in this case, the authorities or institutions are not the ones that impose order. It is the individuals who organize themselves with the objective of autonomously seeking their own well-being or interest.
- Social honor : the approval, admiration or respect towards a person or group can contribute to the social order. An example of this are the rich, the mafias and the castes.
Bibliography
- Esutgu (s/f). society . Available at: https://esutgu.eco.catedras.unc.edu.ar/unidad-1/la-sociedad/
- Filosofia.net (s/f). Social contract . Available at: https://www.filosofia.net/materiales/sofiafilia/hf/soff_mo_16_c.html
- Inda, g. (2008). The political sociology of Émile Durkheim: The centrality of the problem of the State in his reflections of the period 1883–1885 . Available at: http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1870-00632008000100006
- Rousseau, J. (1792). The social contract: or the principles of political right . Available at https://www.secst.cl/upfiles/documentos/01082016_923am_579f698613 e3b.pdf .
